For Prelims: Climate reparations,Polluter Pays Principle,UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Efforts (UNOCHA),The Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM).

For Mains: Climate Reparation, Climate Change.

Recently, Pakistan is witnessing the worst flooding disaster in its history, therefore it has begun demanding reparations, or compensation, from the rich countries that are mainly responsible for causing climate change.

Q. Which of the following statements regarding ‘Green Climate Fund’ is/are correct? (2015)

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

For Prelims: Geography of Bangladesh, India Bangladesh Agreements, Trends in India Bangladesh Relations

For Mains: Economic Significance of Bangladesh for India, Trends of Agreements signed between India and Bangladesh, Challenges in relations

Recently, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh has visited India and held talks with Indian Prime Minister.

Q1. Consider the following statements: (2020)

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only (c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. In the Mekong-Ganga Cooperation, an initiative of six countries, which of the following is/are not a participant/ participants? (2015)

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only (b) 2, 3 and 4  (c) 1 and 3  (d) 1, 2 and 5

Q. Critically examine the compulsions which prompted India to play a decisive role in the emergence of Bangladesh. (2013)

For Mains: Mental Health Issues in the Uniformed Forces, Government Policies & Interventions

The government needs to take immediate action to address mental health issues in the uniformed services.

Q. A positive attitude is considered to be an essential characteristic of a civil servant who is often required to function under extreme stress. What contributes to a positive attitude in a person? (2020)

Q. “We can never obtain peace in the outer world until and unless we obtain peace within ourselves.”– Dalai Lama (2021)

For Prelims: Article 343, Regional Language, University Grants Commission (UGC), National Education Policy.

For Mains: Significance of Regional Language.

Recently, the Chairman of the University Grants Commission (UGC) emphasised that early initiation of learning a mother tongue is important for a child’s creative thinking.

Q. Consider the following statements: (2021)

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q. With reference to India, the terms ‘HaIbi, Ho and Kui’ pertain to (2021)

(a) dance forms of Northwest India (b) musical instruments (c) pre-historic cave paintings (d) tribal languages

For Prelims: Sulfur Dioxide Pollution and its impact, Flue-gas Desulphurization.

For Mains: Need to focus on mitigating the hazards of air pollution in India.

The Ministry of Power (MoP) has extended the deadline for coal-fired power plants to install Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) to cut sulphur emissions by two years.

Q1. Why is there a concern about copper smelting plants?

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Q2. With reference to furnace oil, consider the following statements:

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Q1. Describe the key points of the revised Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) recently released by the World Health Organisation (WHO). How are these different from its last update in 2005? What changes in India’s National Clean Air Programme are required to achieve revised standards? (2021)

Q2. Environmental Impact Assessment studies are increasingly undertaken before a project is cleared by the Government. Discuss the environmental impacts of coal-fired thermal plants located at coal pitheads. (2014)

For Prelims: Indus Valley Civilization, Significance of World Heritage, Flood in Pakistan.

For Mains: Mohenjo Daro, UNESCO’s World Heritage Site.

Pakistan’s Department of Archaeology warned that heavy rainfall in the Sindh province threatened the World Heritage status of Mohenjo Daro.

Q. Which of the following characterizes/characterize the people of Indus Civilization? (2013)

Select the correct statement/statements using the codes given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None of the statements given above is correct

Q. To what extent has the urban planning and the culture of the Indus Valley Civilization provided inputs to the present day urbanization? Discuss. (2014)

Q. Safeguarding the Indian art heritage is the need of the moment. Discuss. (2018)

For Prelims: Preventive detention, Punitive detention, Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)

For Mains: Issues and Solutions of Preventive Detention

According to the latest crime statistics released by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), there is a rise in Preventive detentions in 2021 of about 23% compared to 2020, with over 1.1 lakh people being placed under preventive detention.

For Prelims: Indian Science Technology and Engineering facilities Map (I-STEM), Women in Engineering, Science, and Technology (WEST), Prime Minister Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC) mission

For Mains: Government Initiatives to Promote Women Participation in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)

Recently, a new Indian Science Technology and Engineering facilities Map (I-STEM) initiative called “Women in Engineering, Science, and Technology (WEST)” was launched.

For Prelims: World Social Protection Report 2020-22: Regional companion report for Asia and the Pacific), International Labour Organisation (ILO), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (MGNREGA).

For Mains: Social Security in India.

According to the latest report (World Social Protection Report 2020-22: Regional companion report for Asia and the Pacific) on social protection by the International Labour Organisation (ILO), only 24.4% of Indians, even fewer than Bangladesh (28.4%), are under any sort of social protection benefit.

Social protection systems help individuals and families, especially the poor and vulnerable, cope with crises and shocks, find jobs, improve productivity, invest in the health and education of their children, and protect the aging population.

Q. Regarding ‘Atal Pension Yojana’, which of the following statements is/are correct? (2016)

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only  (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Q. Does the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 ensure effectivemechanismfor empowerment and inclusion of the intended beneficiaries in the society? Discuss.(2017)

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